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1 cultivation system
система культивации
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
cultivation system
Any overall structure or set-up used to organize the activity of preparing land or soil for the growth of new crops, or the activity of promoting or improving the growth of existing crops. (Source: RHW / AGP)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > cultivation system
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2 cultivation system
Экономика: система возделывания культур -
3 cultivation system
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4 cultivation system
Англо-русский словарь по экономике и финансам > cultivation system
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5 cultivation system
English-Russian dictionary of popular words > cultivation system
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6 cultivation
1. n обработка; культивация, возделывание; рыхлениеblind cultivation — обработка вслепую ; шаровка
2. n культивирование, разведение, выращивание3. n развитие, поощрениеСинонимический ряд:1. advancement (noun) advancement; development; encouragement; promotion2. agriculture (noun) agriculture; agronomy; farming; gardening; horticulture; husbandry; tillage3. culture (noun) breeding; culture; manners; polish; refinement; taste4. planting (noun) planting; sowingАнтонимический ряд: -
7 system
1) система; способ; метод2) устройство; строй3) классификация4) учение5) сеть (дорог) -
8 submerged cultivation
1. глубинное культивирование2. культура в глубине питательной средыThe English-Russian dictionary general scientific > submerged cultivation
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9 система культивации
система культивации
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
cultivation system
Any overall structure or set-up used to organize the activity of preparing land or soil for the growth of new crops, or the activity of promoting or improving the growth of existing crops. (Source: RHW / AGP)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > система культивации
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10 sustav obrađivanja zemljišta
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11 система культивации
система культивации
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
cultivation system
Any overall structure or set-up used to organize the activity of preparing land or soil for the growth of new crops, or the activity of promoting or improving the growth of existing crops. (Source: RHW / AGP)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > система культивации
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12 systčme de culture
система культивации
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
cultivation system
Any overall structure or set-up used to organize the activity of preparing land or soil for the growth of new crops, or the activity of promoting or improving the growth of existing crops. (Source: RHW / AGP)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > systčme de culture
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13 Anbausystem
система культивации
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
cultivation system
Any overall structure or set-up used to organize the activity of preparing land or soil for the growth of new crops, or the activity of promoting or improving the growth of existing crops. (Source: RHW / AGP)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Anbausystem
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14 система культивации
система культивации
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
cultivation system
Any overall structure or set-up used to organize the activity of preparing land or soil for the growth of new crops, or the activity of promoting or improving the growth of existing crops. (Source: RHW / AGP)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > система культивации
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15 возделывание
с. с.-х. cultivationСинонимический ряд:обрабатывание (сущ.) обрабатывание; обработка; обработку -
16 система возделывания культур
Economy: cultivation systemУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > система возделывания культур
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17 dyrkingssystem
subst. (miljø) cultivation system -
18 Fowler, John
SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering[br]b. 11 July 1826 Melksham, Wiltshire, Englandd. 4 December 1864 Ackworth, Yorkshire, England[br]English engineer and inventor who developed a steam-powered system of mole land drainage, and a two-engined system of land cultivation, founding the Steam Plough Works in Leeds.[br]The son of a Quaker merchant, John Fowler entered the business of a county corn merchant on leaving school, but he found this dull and left as soon as he came of age, joining the Middlesbrough company of Gilkes, Wilson \& Hopkins, railway locomotive manufacturers. In 1849, at the age of 23, Fowler visited Ireland and was so distressed by the state of Irish agriculture that he determined to develop a system to deal with the drainage of land. He designed an implement which he patented in 1850 after a period of experimentation. It was able to lay wooden pipes to a depth of two feet, and was awarded the Silver Medal at the 1850 Royal Agriculture Show. By 1854, using a steam engine made by Clayton \& Shuttleworth, he had applied steam power to his invention and gained another award that year at the Royal Show. The following year he turned his attention to steam ploughing. He first developed a single-engined system that used a double windlass with which to haul a plough backwards and forwards across fields. In 1856 he patented his balance plough, and the following year he read a paper to the Institution of Mechanical Engineers at their Birmingham premises, describing the system. In 1858 he won the Royal Agricultural Society award with a plough built for him by Ransomes. Fowler founded the Steam Plough Works in Leeds and in 1862 production began in partnership with William Watson Hewitson. Within two years they were producing the first of a series of engines which were to make the name Fowler known worldwide. John Fowler saw little of his success because he died in 1864 at his Yorkshire home as a result of tetanus contracted after a riding accident.[br]Further ReadingM.Lane, 1980, The Story of the Steam Plough Works, Northgate Publishing (provides biographical details of John Fowler, but is mostly concerned with the company that he founded).AP -
19 culture
ˈkʌltʃə сущ.
1) возделывание почвы Syn: tillage, husbandry, cultivation
2) а) возделывание, выращивание( растений) Syn: cultivation б) разведение( рыб, устриц и т. п.), выращивание (искусственного жемчуга и т. п.) в) бактер. культура, выращивание бактерий
3) развитие, совершенствование( интеллектуальных и других способностей) The Jewish system was intended for the culture of the religious life of the Jews. ≈ Иудейская система была нацелена на развитие религиозной жизни евреев.
4) культура a man of considerable culture ≈ человек высокой культуры Culture is not merely the sum of several activities, but a way of life. ≈ Культура не есть сумма различных видов деятельности, но способ жизни. The primary channel of transmission of culture is the family. ≈ Основной канал передачи культурных ценностей - это семья. культура - ancient * древняя культура - Greek * греческая культура - physical * физкультура - he is a man of considerable * он человек большой культуры - a man of little * малокультурный человек;
невежда сельскохозяйственная культура - * of silk культура шелка разведение (устриц, рыбы, шелковичных червей и т. п.) - * of vines возделывание виноградной лозы - bee * пчеловодство (биология) культура бактерий - * medium питательная среда (топография) пометки сооружений на картах (книжное) возделывать, обрабатывать;
выращивать( редкое) развивать, совершенствовать( биология) выращивать (микроорганизмы) в питательной среде corporate ~ культура производства culture бакт. культура, выращивание бактерий ~ культура ~ отметки и названия на топографических картах ~ разведение, возделывание;
culture of vine (oysters, etc.) разведение виноградной лозы (устриц и т. п.) ~ сельскохозяйственная культура ~ разведение, возделывание;
culture of vine (oysters, etc.) разведение виноградной лозы (устриц и т. п.) organizational ~ культура организации -
20 Agriculture
Historically, Portugal's agricultural efficiency, measured in terms of crop yields and animal productivity, has been well below that of other European countries. Agricultural inefficiency is a consequence of Portugal's topography and climate, which varies considerably from north to south and has influenced farm size and farming methods. There are three major agricultural zones: the north, center, and south. The north (the area between the Douro and Minho Rivers, including the district of Trás-os-Montes) is mountainous with a wet (180-249 cm of rainfall/year), moderately cool climate. It contains about 2 million hectares of cultivated land excessively fragmented into tiny (3-5 hectares) family-owned farms, or minifúndios, a consequence of ancient settlement patterns, a strong attachment to the land, and the tradition of subdividing land equally among family members. The farms in the north produce the potatoes and kale that are used to make caldo verde soup, a staple of the Portuguese diet, and the grapes that are used to make vinho verde (green wine), a light sparkling white wine said to aid the digestion of oily and greasy food. Northern farms are too small to benefit from mechanization and their owners too poor to invest in irrigation, chemical fertilizers, or better seeds; hence, agriculture in the north has remained labor intensive, despite efforts to regroup minifúndios to increase farm size and efficiency.The center (roughly between the Douro and the Tagus River) is bisected by the Mondego River, the land to either side of which is some of the most fertile in Portugal and produces irrigated rice, corn, grapes, and forest goods on medium-sized (about 100 hectares) farms under a mixture of owner-cultivation and sharecropping. Portugal's center contains the Estrela Mountains, where sheep raising is common and wool, milk, and cheese are produced, especially mountain cheese ( Queijo da Serra), similar to French brie. In the valley of the Dão River, a full-bodied, fruity wine much like Burgundy is produced. In the southern part of the center, where the climate is dry and soils are poor, stock raising mixes with cereal crop cultivation. In Estremadura, the area north of Lisbon, better soils and even rainfall support intensive agriculture. The small farms of this area produce lemons, strawberries, pears, quinces, peaches, and vegetables. Estremadura also produces red wine at Colares and white wine at Buçelas.The south (Alentejo and Algarve) is a vast rolling plain with a hot arid climate. It contains about 2.6 million hectares of arable land and produces the bulk of Portugal's wheat and barley. It also produces one of Portugal's chief exports, cork, which is made from bark cut from cork oaks at nine-year intervals. There are vast groves of olive trees around the towns of Elvas, Serpa, and Estremoz that provide Portugal's olives. The warm climate of the Algarve (the most southern region of Portugal) is favorable for the growing of oranges, pomegranates, figs, and carobs. Almonds are also produced. Farms in the south, except for the Algarve, are large estates (typically 1,000 hectares or more in size) known as latifúndios, worked by a landless, wage-earning rural work force. After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, these large estates were taken over by the state and turned into collective farms. During the 1990s, as the radicalism of the Revolution moderated, collectivized agriculture was seen as counterproductive, and the nationalized estates were gradually returned to their original owners in exchange for cash payments or small parcels of land for the collective farm workers.Portugal adopted the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) when it joined the European Union (EU) in 1986. The CAP, which is based on the principles of common pricing, EU preferences, and joint financing, has shifted much of Portugal's agricultural decision making to the EU. Under the CAP, cereals and dairy products have experienced declines in prices because these are in chronic surplus within the EU. Alentejo wheat production has become unprofitable because of poor soils. However, rice, tomatoes, sunflower, and safflower seed and potatoes, as well as Portuguese wines, have competed well under the CAP system.
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